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implements of agriculture

  • 1 agriculture

    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agricultural science
    [Swahili Word] elimu ya ukulima
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 9
    [Related Words] ukulima
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] kilimo
    [Swahili Plural] vilimo
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 7/8
    [Derived Language] Swahili
    [Derived Word] -lima
    [Terminology] agriculture
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] makulima
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Derived Word] lima
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] malimo
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Derived Word] lima
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] mlimo
    [Swahili Plural] milimo
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 3/4
    [Derived Word] lima V
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] ukulima
    [Swahili Plural] ukulima
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 14
    [Derived Word] lima V
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Swahili Word] zaraa
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Note] rare
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture (methods of)
    [Swahili Word] ulimaji
    [Part of Speech] noun
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] agriculture (work of)
    [Swahili Word] ulimaji
    [Part of Speech] noun
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [English Word] implements of agriculture
    [Swahili Word] makulima
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 6
    [Derived Word] lima V
    ------------------------------------------------------------

    English-Swahili dictionary > agriculture

  • 2 implements

    I
    துணைக் கருவிகள்
    II
    துணைக்கருவிகள்
    கருவி, சாதனம்

    English-Tamil dictionary > implements

  • 3 implement

    1. сущ.
    общ. орудие (производства), инструмент (как правило, требует использования физической силы человека, без внешних источников энергии; часто используется в переносном смысле)

    agriculture implements, implements of agriculture — сельскохозяйственный инвентарь

    kitchen implements — кухонная утварь, кухонные принадлежности

    implements of war — боевые средства, орудия войны

    Syn:
    2. гл.
    1) общ. выполнять, осуществлять

    to implement a resolution [recommendation\] — выполнить резолюцию [рекомендацию\]

    to implement a treaty [agreement\] — осуществить [выполнить\] договор [соглашение, договоренность\]

    to implement a plan [project\] — осуществить план [проект\]

    2) общ. снабжать [обеспечивать\] инструментами

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > implement

  • 4 arma

    arma, ōrum, n. ( gen. plur. armūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155; Att. ap. Non. p. 495, 23, considered by Cic. in the connection armūm judicium as less correct than armorum) [cf. ARÔ, arariskô = to fit; arthron = joint; harmos = armus = joint, shoulder; artaô = artio, arto = to fit, to fit in closely; artios = fit, exact; artus = close, narrow; ars (artis) = the craft of fitting things; artifex, artificium; Goth. arms = O. H. Germ. aram = Engl. arm; Sanscr. ar = to hit upon, attain; aram = fit, fast; īrmas = arm. Curt.].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    1.. What is fitted to the body for its protection, defensive armor, as the shield, coat of mail, helmet, etc.:

    tot milia armorum, detracta corporibus hostium,

    Liv. 45, 39:

    induere arma,

    id. 30, 31:

    arma his imperata, galea, clipeum, ocreae, lorica, omnia ex aere,

    id. 1, 43:

    pictis et auro caelatis refulgens armis,

    id. 7, 10. —
    2.
    Specifically, a shield:

    at Lausum socii exanimem super arma ferebant,

    on a shield, Verg. A. 10, 841:

    caelestia arma, quae ancilia appellantur,

    Liv. 1, 20 (v. ancile); id. 8, 30; 1, 37; cf. Verg. A. 1, 119 Heyne; Tac. G. 11 Rup.; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 43:

    Aeneas se collegit in arma,

    gathered himself under his shield, Verg. A. 12, 491.—Hence, in a more extended sense,
    B.
    Implements of war, arms, both of defence and offence (but of the latter only those which are used in close contest, such as the sword, axe, club; in distinction from tela, which are used in contest at a distance; hence, arma and tela are often contrasted; v. the foll., and cf. Bremi and Dähne ad Nep. Dat. 11, 3): arma rigent, horrescunt tela, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4; id. ap. Non. p. 469, 26:

    arma alia ad tegendum, alia ad nocendum,

    Cic. Caec. 21:

    armis condicione positis aut defetigatione abjectis aut victoriā detractis,

    id. Fam. 6, 2:

    illum dicis cum armis aureis, Quoius etc.,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 16:

    ibi Simul rem et gloriam armis belli repperi,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 60:

    arma antiqua manus, ungues dentesque fuerunt Et lapides, et item, silvarum fragmina, ramei,

    Lucr. 5, 1283; so,

    Mutum et turpe pecus (i. e. primeval man), glandem et cubilia propter Unguibus et pugnis, dein fustibus, atque ita porro Pugnabant armis, quae post fabricaverat usus,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 100 sqq.:

    capere,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; id. Rab. Perd. 6 and 7:

    sumere,

    id. Planc. 36, 88 Wund.; id. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; Vulg. Gen. 27, 3; ib. 3 Reg. 22, 30:

    accipere, ib. Judith, 14, 2: adprehendere,

    ib. Psa. 34, 2:

    resumere,

    Suet. Calig. 48:

    aptare,

    Liv. 5, 49:

    induere,

    id. 30, 31; Ov. M. 14, 798; id. F. 1, 521; Verg. A. 11, 83; Luc. 1, 126:

    accingi armis,

    Verg. A. 6, 184, and Vulg. Jud. 18, 11:

    armis instructus,

    ib. Deut. 1, 41; ib. 1 Par. 12, 13:

    concitare ad arma,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

    descendere ad arma,

    id. ib. 7, 33:

    vocare ad arma,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

    vocare in arma,

    Verg. A. 9, 22:

    ferre contra aliquem,

    Vell. 2, 56:

    decernere armis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3:

    armis cum hoste certare,

    id. Off. 3, 22, 87; so,

    saevis armis,

    Verg. A. 12, 890:

    dimicare armis cum aliquo,

    Nep. Milt. 1, 2:

    esse in armis,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 49; Suet. Caes. 69:

    ponere, abicere,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 2:

    relinquere,

    Liv. 2, 10:

    tradere,

    Nep. Ham. 1, 5; Suet. Vit. 10:

    amittere,

    Verg. A. 1, 474:

    proicere,

    Vulg. 1 Macc. 5, 43;

    7, 44: deripere militibus,

    Hor. C. 3, 5, 19:

    dirimere,

    Luc. 1, 104 et saep.—Hence, arma virosque, per arma, per viros, etc., Liv. 8, 25; 8, 30 al.; v. Burm. ad Verg. A. 1, 1, and cf. Liv. 9, 24:

    tela et arma: armorum atque telorum portationes,

    Sall. C. 42, 2; Liv. 1, 25; Col. 12, 3; Tac. G. 29 and 33:

    armis et castris, prov. (like remis velisque, viris equisque),

    with vigor, with might and main, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84.—
    II.
    Trop., means of protection, defence, weapons:

    tenere semper arma (sc. eloquentiae), quibus vel tectus ipse esse possis, vel, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

    prudentiae,

    id. ib. 1, 38, 172:

    senectutis,

    id. Lael. 4. 9:

    tectus Vulcaniis armis, id est fortitudine,

    id. Tusc. 2, 14, 33:

    eloquentiae,

    Quint. 5, 12, 21:

    facundiae,

    id. 2, 16, 10:

    justitiae,

    Vulg. Rom. 6, 13; ib. 2 Cor. 6, 7:

    arma lucis,

    ib. Rom. 13, 12:

    horriferum contra Borean ovis arma ministret, i. e. lanas,

    Ov. M. 15, 471:

    haec mihi Stertinius arma (i. e. praecepta) dedit,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; cf. id. Ep. 1, 16, 67:

    arma militiae nostrae non carnalia sunt,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 10, 4.
    a.
    War (once in opp. to pax, v. infra):

    silent leges inter arma,

    Cic. Mil. 4, 10; id. Att. 7, 3, 5:

    arma civilia,

    civil war, id. Fam. 2, 16, and Tac. A. 1, 9:

    civilia arma,

    id. Agr. 16; id. G. 37 (otherwise, bella civilia, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 86, and Tac. Agr. 13):

    ab externis armis otium erat,

    Liv. 3, 14; 9, 1; 3, 69 Drak.; 9, 32; 42, 2; Tac. H. 2, 1 al.:

    a Rubro Mari arma conatus sit inferre Italiae,

    Nep. Hann. 2, 1 (for which more freq. bellum inferre alicui, v. infero):

    ad horrida promptior arma,

    Ov. M. 1, 126:

    qui fera nuntiet arma,

    id. ib. 5, 4;

    14, 479: compositis venerantur armis,

    Hor. C. 4, 14, 52. So the beginning of the Æneid: Arma virumque cano; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 7:

    melius visum Gallos novam gentem pace potius cognosci quam armis,

    Liv. 5, 35 fin.; cf.:

    cedant arma togae,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76.—Also for battle, contest:

    in arma feror,

    Verg. A. 2, 337; so id. ib. 2, 655.—
    b.
    (Abstr. for concr.) The warriors themselves, soldiers, troops:

    nulla usquam apparuerunt arma,

    Liv. 41, 12:

    nostro supplicio liberemus Romana arma, i. e. Romanum exercitum,

    id. 9, 9; 21, 26:

    Hispanias armis non ita redundare,

    Tac. H. 2, 32:

    expertem frustra belli et neutra arma secutum,

    neither party, Ov. M. 5, 91: auxiliaria arma, auxiliaries, auxiliary troops = auxiliares (v. auxiliaris, I.), id. ib. 6, 424; cf. id. ib. 14, 528.—
    III.
    Transf., poet. (like hoplon and entea in Gr.), implements, instruments, tools, utensils, in gen. Of implements for grinding and baking:

    Cerealia arma,

    the arms of Ceres, Verg. A. 1, 177 (cf. Hom. Od. 7, 232: entea daitos). —Of implements of agriculture, Ov. M. 11, 35:

    dicendum est, quae sint duris agrestibus arma, Quīs sine nec potuere seri nec surgere messes,

    Verg. G. 1, 160.—Of the equipments, tackle of a ship ( mast, sails, rudder, etc.):

    colligere arma jubet validisque incumbere remis,

    Verg. A. 5, 15; 6, 353.—Hence used by Ovid for wings:

    haec umeris arma parata suis, A. A. 2, 50 (cf. in the foll. verse: his patria est adeunda carinis).—And so of other instruments,

    Mart. 14, 36.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > arma

  • 5 सीता _sītā

    सीता [सि-त पृषो˚ दीर्घः]
    1 A furrow, track or line of a ploughshare.
    -2 (Hence) A tilled or furrowed ground, ploughed land; वृषेव सीतां तदवग्रहक्षताम् Ku.5.61.
    -3 Husbandry, agriculture; as in सीताद्रव्य q. v.
    -4 N. of the daughter of Janaka, king of Mithilā, and wife of Rāma.; जनकानां कुले कीर्तिमाहरिष्यति मे सुता । सीता भर्तार- मासाद्य रामं दशरथात्मजम् ॥ Rām.1.67.22. [She was so called because she was supposed to have sprung from a furrow made by king Janaka while ploughing the ground to prepare it for a sacrifice which he had insti- tuted to obtain progeny, and hence also her epithets, 'Ayonijā', 'Dharāputrī' &c. She was married to Rāma and accompanied him to the forest. While there she was once carried off by Rāvaṇa who tried to violate her chastity, but she scornfully rejected his suit. When Rāma came to know that she was in Lankā, he attack- ed ther place, killed Rāvaṇa and his host of demons, and recovered Sītā. She had, however, to pass through the terrible ordeal of fire before she could be received by her husband as his wife. Though thus convinced of her chastity, he had afterwards to aban- don her, when far advanced in pregnancy, because the people continued to suspect her fidelity. She how- ever, found a protector in the sage Vālmīki, at whose hermitage she was delivered of Kuśa and Lava, and who brought them up. She was ultimately restored to Rāma by the sage.]
    -5 N. of a goddess, wife of Indra.
    -6 N. of Umā
    -7 N of Lakṣmī.
    -8 N. of one of the four fabulous branches (the eastern branch) of the Ganges.
    -9 Spirituous liquor.
    -Comp. -अध्यक्षः superintendent of agriculture.
    -द्रव्यम् implements of agriculture, tools of husbandry; सीताद्रव्यापहरणे शस्त्राणा- मौषधस्य च Ms.9.293.
    -पतिः N. of Rāmachandra.
    -फलः the custard-apple tree. (
    -लम्) its fruit.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > सीता _sītā

  • 6 makulima

    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] makulima
    [English Word] implements of agriculture
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Class] 6
    [Derived Word] lima V
    ------------------------------------------------------------
    [Swahili Word] makulima
    [English Word] agriculture
    [Part of Speech] noun
    [Derived Word] lima
    ------------------------------------------------------------

    Swahili-english dictionary > makulima

  • 7 adminiculum

    admĭnĭcŭlum, i, n. [ad-manus], prop., that on which the hand may rest, then in gen., a prop, stay, support.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Orig. in the language of vine-dressers, the stake or pole to which the vine clings, and by which it is supported:

    vites claviculis adminicula, tamquam manibus apprehendunt, atque ita se erigunt, ut animantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47:

    adminiculorum ordines, capitum jugatio,

    id. Sen. 15; so Plin. 17, 24, 36, § 215; cf. Drak. Liv. 6, 1, 4.— Hence,
    B.
    In gen., of any prop, stay, or support, assistance: adminicula hominum, i. e. oxen, implements of agriculture, etc., Varr. R. R. 1, 17; Liv. 21, 36:

    motam (Junonem) sede sua parvi molimenti adminiculis,

    id. 5, 22:

    adminicula gubernandi addidit Tiphys,

    means of steering, the rudder, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 209; cf. id. 11, 37, 61, § 162. —
    II.
    Trop., support, aid, auxiliary, assistant (class.):

    ad legionem cum itant, adminiculum eis danunt aliquem cognatum,

    an assistant, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48:

    hanc igitur partem relictam explebimus, nullis adminiculis, sed, ut dicitur, Marte nostro,

    Cic. Off. 3, 7:

    natura solitarium nihil amat, semperque ad aliquod tamquam adminiculum adnititur,

    id. Lael. 23 fin.:

    quo primo adminiculo erecta erat (urbs), eodem innisa M. Furio principe stetit,

    Liv. 6, 1:

    id senectuti suae adminiculum fore,

    id. 10, 22:

    egere adminiculis, ut in commune consulat,

    Tac. A. 12, 5; so,

    in militia aut via fessus adminiculum oro,

    id. ib. 14, 54:

    nullius externi indigens adminiculi,

    Amm. 24, 8; 21, 12; 14, 6:

    Quibus debetis esse adminiculo,

    Vulg. Esth. 16, 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adminiculum

  • 8 landwirtschaftlich

    landwirtschaftlich adj BANK, POL, UMWELT, VERSICH, WIWI agricultural
    * * *
    adj <Bank, Pol, Umwelt, Versich, Vw> agricultural
    * * *
    landwirtschaftlich
    agricultural, rural, agrarian, farming;
    • landwirtschaftliche Absatzorganisation agricultural marketing association;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Arbeiter farmhand, agricultural labo(u)rer;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Beratungsdienst Agricultural Advisory Service (Br.);
    • landwirtschaftliche Beschäftigung agricultural employment;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb farm [establishment], agricultural enterprise (estate);
    • landwirtschaftliche Betriebseinheit agricultural unit;
    • landwirtschaftliche Betriebseinrichtung agricultural plant;
    • landwirtschaftliche Betriebsfläche agricultural area, farm land (real estate);
    • landwirtschaftliche Betriebsführung farming [business], farm management (US);
    • landwirtschaftlicher Eigenbetrieb home (owner-operated, US) farm;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Erschließungskredit farming development loan;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Erzeugerpreis agricultural (farm) price;
    • landwirtschaftliche Erzeugnisse farm (agricultural) produce (products);
    • landwirtschaftliche Erzeugung agricultural production;
    • landwirtschaftliche Fachzeitschrift farm publication, agricultural paper;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Familienbetrieb family farm;
    • landwirtschaftlich genutztes Gebäude agricultural building;
    • landwirtschaftliches Gebiet agricultural (rural) district;
    • auf landwirtschaftlichem Gebiet in the field of agriculture;
    • landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaft farmers’ cooperative, agricultural cooperation;
    • landwirtschaftliche Genossenschaftsbank farm loan bank;
    • landwirtschaftliches Genossenschaftswesen Federal Farm Loan System (US);
    • landwirtschaftliche Geräte farm implements (utensils);
    • landwirtschaftlicher Grenzbetrieb marginal farm;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Großbetrieb farming on a large scale;
    • landwirtschaftliches Grundvermögen agricultural property;
    • landwirtschaftliches Hypothekendarlehen farm mortgage;
    • landwirtschaftliches Inventar farm stock;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Kleinbesitz small holding (Br.);
    • landwirtschaftlicher Kredit agricultural credit;
    • landwirtschaftliche Kreditbank Agricultural Credit Corporation (US);
    • landwirtschaftliches Kreditinstitut agricultural credit organization;
    • landwirtschaftliche Maschinen farm implements (equipment), agricultural machinery;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Maschinenpark (Bilanz) farm-plant machinery;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Musterbetrieb model farm;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Nebenbetrieb part-time farm, small farming;
    • landwirtschaftliche Nebengebäude outlying farm buildings;
    • landwirtschaftliche Notlage agricultural depression;
    • landwirtschaftliche Produktion farm output;
    • landwirtschaftliche Überschussprodukte farm surpluses;
    • landwirtschaftlicher Verlustbetrieb submarginal farm;
    • landwirtschaftliche Verschuldung rural indebtedness;
    • landwirtschaftliche Zwecke farming purposes.

    Business german-english dictionary > landwirtschaftlich

  • 9 Ferguson, Harry

    [br]
    b. 4 November 1884 County Down, Ireland
    d. 25 October 1960 England
    [br]
    Irish engineer who developed a tractor hydraulic system for cultivation equipment, and thereby revolutionized tractor design.
    [br]
    Ferguson's father was a small farmer who expected his son to help on the farm from an early age. As a result he received little formal education, and on leaving school joined his brother in a backstreet workshop in Belfast repairing motor bikes. By the age of 19 he had built his own bike and began hill-climbing competitions and racing. His successes in these ventures gained useful publicity for the workshop. In 1907 he built his own car and entered it into competitions, and in 1909 became the first person in Britain to build and fly a machine that was heavier than air.
    On the outbreak of the First World War he was appointed by the Irish Department of Agriculture to supervise the operation and maintenance of all farm tractors. His experiences convinced him that even the Ford tractor and the implements available for it were inadequate for the task, and he began to experiment with his own plough designs. The formation of the Ferguson-Sherman Corporation resulted in the production of thousands of the ploughs he had designed for the Ford tractor, but in 1928 Ford discontinued production of tractors, and Ferguson returned to Ireland. He immediately began to design his own tractor. Six years of development led to the building of a prototype that weighed only 16 cwt (813kg). In 1936 David Brown of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, began production of these tractors for Ferguson, but the partnership was not wholly successful and was dissolved after three years. In 1939 Ferguson and Ford reached their famous "Handshake agreement", in which no formal contract was signed, and the mass production of the Ford Ferguson system tractors began that year. During the next nine years 300,000 tractors and a million implements were produced under this agreement. However, on the death of Henry Ford the company began production, under his son, of their own tractor. Ferguson returned to the UK and negotiated a deal with the Standard Motor Company of Coventry for the production of his tractor. At the same time he took legal action against Ford, which resulted in that company being forced to stop production and to pay damages amounting to US$9.5 million.
    Aware that his equipment would only operate when set up properly, Ferguson established a training school at Stoneleigh in Warwickshire which was to be a model for other manufacturers. In 1953, by amicable agreement, Ferguson amalgamated with the Massey Harris Company to form Massey Ferguson, and in so doing added harvesting machinery to the range of equipment produced. A year later he disposed of his shares in the new company and turned his attention again to the motor car. Although a number of experimental cars were produced, there were no long-lasting developments from this venture other than a four-wheel-drive system based on hydraulics; this was used by a number of manufacturers on occasional models. Ferguson's death heralded the end of these developments.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Honorary DSc Queen's University, Belfast, 1948.
    Further Reading
    C.Murray, 1972, Harry Ferguson, Inventor and Pioneer. John Murray.
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Ferguson, Harry

  • 10 landwirtschaftlich

    I Adj. agricultural; landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb farm; landwirtschaftliche Maschinen agricultural machinery Sg., farm equipment Sg.; landwirtschaftliche Hochschule agricultural college
    II Adv. landwirtschaftlich genutzte Flächen areas in agricultural use
    * * *
    agricultural
    * * *
    lạnd|wirt|schaft|lich
    1. adj
    agricultural
    2. adv
    tätig sein agriculturally; geprägt sein by agriculture
    * * *
    * * *
    land·wirt·schaft·lich
    I. adj agricultural
    \landwirtschaftlicher Betrieb farms
    II. adv agriculturally
    \landwirtschaftlich geprägt characterized by agriculture
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv; lnicht präd. agricultural; agricultural, farm attrib. < machinery>
    2.

    landwirtschaftlich genutzt werden — be used for agricultural or farming purposes

    * * *
    A. adj agricultural;
    landwirtschaftliche Maschinen agricultural machinery sg, farm equipment sg;
    landwirtschaftliche Hochschule agricultural college
    B. adv
    landwirtschaftlich genutzte Flächen areas in agricultural use
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv; lnicht präd. agricultural; agricultural, farm attrib. < machinery>
    2.
    * * *
    adj.
    agrarian adj.
    agricultural adj. adv.
    agriculturally adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > landwirtschaftlich

  • 11 agro-industrie

    agro-industrie (plural agro-industries) [agʀoɛ̃dystʀi]
    feminine noun
    * * *
    pl agro-industries agʀoɛ̃dystʀi nom féminin agro-industry
    * * *
    aɡʀoɛ̃dystʀi nf
    * * *
    agro-industrie, pl agro-industries nf agro-industry.
    [agroɛ̃dystri] ( pluriel agro-industries) nom féminin
    a. [en amont de l'agriculture] the farm machines, implements and fertilizers industry
    b. [en aval de l'agriculture] the food-processing industry, agribusiness

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > agro-industrie

  • 12 Blith, Walter

    [br]
    b. Seventeenth century Warwickshire, England
    d. Seventeenth century England
    [br]
    [br]
    Blith was the son of a cereal and dairy farmer from the Forest of Arden. He wrote a treatise on farming which was of contemporary value in its description of drainage and water meadows, both subjects of particular relevance in the mid-seventeenth century. The book, The English Improver, contains illustrations of agricultural equipment which have become an almost obligatory inclusion in any book on agricultural history. His understanding of the plough is apparent from the text and illustrations, and his was an important step in the understanding of the scientific principles to be applied to its later design. The introduction to the book is addressed to both Houses of Parliament, and is very much an attempt to highlight and seek solutions to the problems of the agriculture of the day. In it he advocates the passing of legislation to improve agricultural practice, whether this be for the destruction of moles or for the compulsory planting of trees to replace those felled.
    Blith himself became a captain in the Roundhead Army during the English Civil War, and even added a dedication to Cromwell in the introduction to his second book, The English Improver Improved, published in 1652. This book contains additional information on both practice and crops, an expansion in knowledge which presumably owes something to Blith's employment as a surveyor of Crown lands between 1649 and 1650. He himself bought and farmed such land in Northamptonshire. His advice on the choice of land for particular crops and the implements of best use for that land expressed ideas in advance of their times, and it was to be almost a century before his writings were taken up and developed.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1649, The English Improver; or, A New Survey of Husbandry Discovering to the Kingdom That Some Land, Both Arable and Pasture May be Advance Double or Treble, and Some five or Tenfold.
    1652, The English Improver Improved.
    Further Reading
    J.Thirsk (ed.), 1985, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Vol. II (deals with Blith and the agriculture of his time).
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Blith, Walter

  • 13 инвентарь

    2) Military: accessories
    3) Engineering: equipment
    4) Agriculture: (мёртвый) dead stock
    6) Economy: fixtures
    7) Automobile industry: furniture (стеллажи для инструментов, ящики для готовых изделий, поддоны для собирания масла и т. п.)
    8) Astronautics: ancillary, auxiliary
    9) Production: paraphernalia
    10) Makarov: dead stock

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > инвентарь

  • 14 оборудование

    1) General subject: accessories, appointments, bioinstrumentation, fall protection / prevention equipment (защита от падения с высоты/ предупреждение), fit-out, fitting, fixing, furnishings, furnishment, furniture (корабля и т. п.), graith, (промышленное) hard goods, hardware (аппаратное), instrumentation, inventory, outfit (приборов, инструментов), plant, stock in trade, stock-in-trade, tackle, facility (обыкн. pl), rig, gadgetry
    2) Aviation: fitting out
    3) Medicine: technic, technique
    4) American: lay-out
    5) Sports: installations
    9) Construction: appurtenance, attachment (особенно навесное), components, rigging, set-up
    10) Mathematics: arrangement, circuit
    11) Railway term: work equipment
    12) Economy: fitment, plant stock
    14) Automobile industry: equipage, requisite
    15) Architecture: fitting (действие), fitting (предметы), rigging (процесс), tackling
    16) Metallurgy: contrivance
    17) Music: gear
    18) Telecommunications: cluster (пункта связи), product
    19) Information technology: environment (КОБОЛ), hardware (аппаратное), plug-compatible hardware
    20) Oil: apparatus, hookup, iron (см. также treating iron - в описании цементировочного агрегата см. http://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_russian/petroleum_eng_sci/2477014-iron_%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5.html), setup, pumping facilities
    21) Astronautics: HW, furnishing, hardware, machineries
    22) Geophysics: instrument
    23) Mechanics: rigging up
    24) Advertising: fixtures
    25) Patents: techniques
    26) Drilling: appliance, layout, manufacture
    27) Sakhalin energy glossary: equip
    28) Microelectronics: station
    30) Programming: technologies
    31) Automation: (машинное) machinery
    32) Quality control: (аппаратное) hardware, materiel
    33) Sakhalin R: run
    34) Cables: facility (facilities)
    35) Makarov: appointment, fitting (процесс), hard goods, machinery (см.тж. equipment), mechanical facilities, system
    37) SAP.fin. plant and equipment
    39) oil&gas: equipment

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > оборудование

  • 15 avío

    m.
    equipment, implements, accouterment, accoutrement.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: aviar.
    * * *
    1 (arreglo) preparation, tidying
    2 (comida) provisions plural
    3 (provecho) profit, benefit
    1 (instrumentos) gear sing, tackle sing, equipment sing
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=prevención) preparation, provision; [de pastor] provisions for a journey
    2) LAm (Agr) loan
    3)

    hacer su avío — * (=enriquecerse) to make one's pile *; iró (=armarla) to make a mess of things

    4)

    ¡al avío! — (=¡en marcha!) get cracking!, get on with it!

    5) pl avíos (=equipo) gear sing
    * * *
    1) ( utilidad)

    me ha hecho mucho avío — it has been very useful, it has come in very handy (colloq)

    2) (fam) los avíos masculino plural ( lo necesario) the gear (colloq)
    3) (AmL) (Agr, Min) loan, stake
    * * *
    ----
    * avíos = gear.
    * avíos de pesca = fishing tackle, fishing gear, fishing equipment, angling equipment.
    * hacer el avío = get + ready.
    * * *
    1) ( utilidad)

    me ha hecho mucho avío — it has been very useful, it has come in very handy (colloq)

    2) (fam) los avíos masculino plural ( lo necesario) the gear (colloq)
    3) (AmL) (Agr, Min) loan, stake
    * * *
    * avíos = gear.
    * avíos de pesca = fishing tackle, fishing gear, fishing equipment, angling equipment.
    * hacer el avío = get + ready.
    * * *
    A
    (utilidad): me ha hecho mucho avío it has been very useful, it has come in very handy ( colloq)
    no es muy bueno pero te hará el avío it's not very good but it'll do
    Compuesto:
    mpl fishing tackle
    C ( AmL) ( Agr, Min) loan, stake
    * * *
    avío nm
    1. [preparativo] preparation;
    2. [utilidad]
    esta cazuela me hace muy buen avío I find this pot extremely useful
    3.
    avíos [equipo] things
    avíos de pesca fishing tackle
    4. Méx [préstamo] agricultural loan
    * * *
    m useful item;
    avíos de coser pl sewing kit sg
    * * *
    avío nm
    1) : preparation, provision
    2) : loan (for agriculture or mining)
    3) avíos nmpl
    : gear, equipment

    Spanish-English dictionary > avío

  • 16 Cerealia

    Cĕrĕālis ( Cĕrĭālis; cf. Serv.ad Verg. A. 1, 177; so Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4 Orell.), e, adj. [Ceres].
    I.
    Pertaining to Ceres, devoted to her, and, meton., pertaining to the cultivation of land, grain, or agriculture:

    nemus,

    sacred to Ceres, Ov. M. 8, 741:

    sacrum,

    id. Am. 3, 10, 1:

    Eleusin,

    id. F. 4, 507; id. M. 7, 439 (cf. Mel. 2, 3, 4:

    Eleusin Cereri consecrata): papaver (as her symbolic attribute),

    Verg. G. 1, 212 Heyne; Col. 10, 314:

    cenae,

    i. e. splendid, like those at the festivals of Ceres, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 25:

    sulci,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 11:

    munera,

    id. M. 11, 121; 13, 639:

    dona,

    id. ib. 11, 122; id. F. 1, 683; 6, 391 (cf.:

    dona Cereris,

    id. M. 5, 655):

    herbae,

    id. F. 4, 911:

    libum,

    id. ib. 1, 127:

    semina,

    id. M. 1, 123:

    culmus,

    Verg. G. 2, 517:

    arma,

    i. e. the implements for grinding and baking, id. A. 1, 177:

    solum,

    i. e. the cake laid on the ground, id. ib. 7, 111 (cf. id. ib. v. 109): aediles, who had the superintendence of provisions; v. aedilis fin. —Hence,
    B.
    Subst.: Cĕrĕālĭa, ium, n. (also in appos.:

    Cerealia ludi,

    Liv. 30, 39, 8; cf.: Megalesia ludi, al.), the festival of Ceres, celebrated on the 10 th of April, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4; Varr. L. L. 6, § 15 Müll.; Ov. F. 4, 619; cf. id. ib. 389 sq.—
    II.
    A Roman cognomen, Mart. 4, 8; 12, 52.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Cerealia

  • 17 Cerealis

    Cĕrĕālis ( Cĕrĭālis; cf. Serv.ad Verg. A. 1, 177; so Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4 Orell.), e, adj. [Ceres].
    I.
    Pertaining to Ceres, devoted to her, and, meton., pertaining to the cultivation of land, grain, or agriculture:

    nemus,

    sacred to Ceres, Ov. M. 8, 741:

    sacrum,

    id. Am. 3, 10, 1:

    Eleusin,

    id. F. 4, 507; id. M. 7, 439 (cf. Mel. 2, 3, 4:

    Eleusin Cereri consecrata): papaver (as her symbolic attribute),

    Verg. G. 1, 212 Heyne; Col. 10, 314:

    cenae,

    i. e. splendid, like those at the festivals of Ceres, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 25:

    sulci,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 11:

    munera,

    id. M. 11, 121; 13, 639:

    dona,

    id. ib. 11, 122; id. F. 1, 683; 6, 391 (cf.:

    dona Cereris,

    id. M. 5, 655):

    herbae,

    id. F. 4, 911:

    libum,

    id. ib. 1, 127:

    semina,

    id. M. 1, 123:

    culmus,

    Verg. G. 2, 517:

    arma,

    i. e. the implements for grinding and baking, id. A. 1, 177:

    solum,

    i. e. the cake laid on the ground, id. ib. 7, 111 (cf. id. ib. v. 109): aediles, who had the superintendence of provisions; v. aedilis fin. —Hence,
    B.
    Subst.: Cĕrĕālĭa, ium, n. (also in appos.:

    Cerealia ludi,

    Liv. 30, 39, 8; cf.: Megalesia ludi, al.), the festival of Ceres, celebrated on the 10 th of April, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4; Varr. L. L. 6, § 15 Müll.; Ov. F. 4, 619; cf. id. ib. 389 sq.—
    II.
    A Roman cognomen, Mart. 4, 8; 12, 52.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Cerealis

  • 18 Cerialis

    Cĕrĕālis ( Cĕrĭālis; cf. Serv.ad Verg. A. 1, 177; so Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4 Orell.), e, adj. [Ceres].
    I.
    Pertaining to Ceres, devoted to her, and, meton., pertaining to the cultivation of land, grain, or agriculture:

    nemus,

    sacred to Ceres, Ov. M. 8, 741:

    sacrum,

    id. Am. 3, 10, 1:

    Eleusin,

    id. F. 4, 507; id. M. 7, 439 (cf. Mel. 2, 3, 4:

    Eleusin Cereri consecrata): papaver (as her symbolic attribute),

    Verg. G. 1, 212 Heyne; Col. 10, 314:

    cenae,

    i. e. splendid, like those at the festivals of Ceres, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 25:

    sulci,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 11:

    munera,

    id. M. 11, 121; 13, 639:

    dona,

    id. ib. 11, 122; id. F. 1, 683; 6, 391 (cf.:

    dona Cereris,

    id. M. 5, 655):

    herbae,

    id. F. 4, 911:

    libum,

    id. ib. 1, 127:

    semina,

    id. M. 1, 123:

    culmus,

    Verg. G. 2, 517:

    arma,

    i. e. the implements for grinding and baking, id. A. 1, 177:

    solum,

    i. e. the cake laid on the ground, id. ib. 7, 111 (cf. id. ib. v. 109): aediles, who had the superintendence of provisions; v. aedilis fin. —Hence,
    B.
    Subst.: Cĕrĕālĭa, ium, n. (also in appos.:

    Cerealia ludi,

    Liv. 30, 39, 8; cf.: Megalesia ludi, al.), the festival of Ceres, celebrated on the 10 th of April, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2 and 4; Varr. L. L. 6, § 15 Müll.; Ov. F. 4, 619; cf. id. ib. 389 sq.—
    II.
    A Roman cognomen, Mart. 4, 8; 12, 52.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Cerialis

  • 19 Small, James

    [br]
    b. c. 1742 Scotland
    d. 1793 Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish engineer who was first to apply scientific experiment and calculation to the design of ploughs.
    [br]
    James Small served his apprenticeship as a wright and blacksmith at Hutton in Berwickshire, and then travelled for a time in England. It is possible that he learned his trade from the ploughwright Pashley, who ran the "Manufactory" in Rotherham. On his return to Scotland he settled at Blackadder Mount, Berwickshire, and there began to make his ploughs. He used a spring balance to determine the draft of the plough and fashioned the mouldboard from a soft wood so that the wear would show quickly on its surface. Repeated trials indicated the best shape to be adopted, and he had his mouldboards cast at the Carron Ironworks. At trials held at Dalkeith, Small's plough, pulled by two horses, outperformed the old Scotch plough hauled by as many as eight oxen, and his ploughs were soon to be found in all areas of the country. He established workshops in Leith Walk, where he made ploughs and other implements. It was in Edinburgh in 1784 that he published Treatise on Ploughs, in which he set out his methods and calculations. He made no attempt to patent his ideas, feeling that they should be available to all, and the book provided sufficient information for it to be used by his rivals. As a result he died a poor man at the age of 52. His family were supported with a £1,500 subscription raised on their behalf by Sir John Sinclair, President of the Board of Agriculture.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1784, A Treatise on Ploughs and Wheel Carriages.
    Further Reading
    J.B.Passmore, 1930, The English Plough, Reading: University of Reading (provides a history of plough development from the eighth century, and deals in detail with Small's work).
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Small, James

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